Chapter Eight – Revelation

THE OCCASION OF REVELATION    p. 224

Fig 102 Julius Claudius (AD 41-54)

PATMOS    p. 225

Fig 103 Silver Denarius coin of Domitian
Fig 104 Island of Patmos

LOCAL REFERENCES    p. 228

Fig 105 Restored Library of Celsus, Ephesus

THE CULTURAL BACKGROUND    p. 229

• Problems from Without    p. 230

Fig 106 Imperial Cult altar
Fig 107 Martyrdom of Polycarp, St. Polycarp Catholic Church, Izmir Turkey
Fig 108 Priest who served in the temple of the Imperial Cult
Fig 109 Apotheosis of Antoninus Pius and Faustina
Fig 110 Emperor Domitian (AD 81–96)
Fig 111 Sebasteion or Augusteum, in Aphrodisias
Fig 112 Statue of Imperator Marcus Ulpius Trajanus (Trajan AD 98–117)

• Problems from Within    p. 235

Fig 113 Artemis from Cyrene
Fig 114 Artemis from Ephesus
Fig 115 Remains of the Temple of Artemis in Ephesus
Fig 116 Recreation of the Artemision, Temple of Artemis
Fig 117 Ephesian Drachma coin (ca. 202–133 BC)

THE SEVEN CHURCHES OF ASIA MINOR    p. 236

Ephesus (Rev 2:1–7)    p. 236

Fig 115 Remains of the Temple of Artemis in Ephesus
Fig 116 Recreation of the Artemision, Temple of Artemis
Fig 117 Ephesian Drachma coin (ca. 202–133 BC)

Smyrna (Rev 2:8–11)    p. 238

Fig 118 Silver Tetradrachm from Smyrna (ca. 155–145 BC)
Fig 119 Bronze statue of a runner wearing the laurel wreath

Pergamum (Rev 2:12–17)    p. 241

Fig 120 Acropolis of Pergamum and theatre
Fig 121 Altar of Zeus at Pergamum
Fig 122 Trajaneum in Pergamum
Fig 123 Column in the courtyard of the  Asclepion, Pergamum
Fig 124 White stone pillar at Pergamum

Thyatira (Rev 2:18–29)    p. 243

Bonus 101 White Roman altar, Thyatira
Bonus 102 Archaeological remains, Thyatira

Sardis (Rev 3:1–6)    p. 245

Fig 125 The Temple of Artemis in Sardis (330 BC)
Fig 126 Bema of the 3rd cent. AD synagogue in Sardis

Philadelphia (Rev 3:7–13)    p. 248

Bonus 103 Byzantine Church, Philadelphia

Laodicea (Rev 3:14–22)    p. 249

Fig 127 Travertine pools Hieropolis
Fig 128 Water tower at Laodicea

CONCLUSION    p. 252

Bonus Material

CHART 8: ROMAN PERIOD DISCOVERIES III

• Temple of Artemis
• Theater of Ephesus
• Altar of Zeus at Pergamum
• Pompeii Graffiti
• Coin of Deified Domitian
• Statue of Ephesian Goddess Artemis
• St. Philip’s Martyrium Hierapolis
• Madaba Map
• Basilica of St. John